Fulling of yarns

by Dec 9, 2024News on yarns

Fulling of yarns

Fulling is an operation that is part of the finishing process of wool yarns and fabrics, and which consists of compacting the yarn or fabric through felting, to make it compact and in some cases waterproof.

The threads that make up the yarn or fabric, wet with hot water, soaked in soap and manipulated (beaten, rubbed, pressed), with mechanical and chemical processes become felted. The small gaps present at the intersection points between the weft and warp threads close, their binding is given by the interpenetration of the microscopic cortical scales that cover the surface of the hairs. The process is progressive and irreversible. It can be applied to all types of yarns and fabrics made with wool or other yarns containing hair (mohair, etc.).

In Cashmere and other soft fibers such as yak, camel, in knitting yarns, fulling is not recommended, the “Water Treatment” is used more.

In fact, cashmere is not really fulled like wool yarns. Cashmere must not felt because the fiber is so delicate that the yarn would be ruined.

The water treatment consists of washing the yarn in skeins in industrial tanks, or even in a normal washing machine, with just water or at most with a little fabric softener. This simple step allows the cashmere fiber to relax and unwind.

Cashmere yarn for knitting (knitting) in cones can be worked directly with needles or crochet, but I strongly recommend making skeins with the help of a spinning wheel, or balls of yarn and letting them rest for a few hours before working on it.

In fact, when the yarn is put into bobbins it remains quite “tight” around the cone. By putting it into skeins or balls, it is allowed to breathe and swell until it returns to its original volumetric state.

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